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Introduce about the underwater acoustics and sonar operator laboratory

The acoustic systems trainer

Image 1: The acoustic systems trainer included: AST Console and Acoustic Tank with Target Transport System

SONAR is the underwater equivalent of radar, and like radar its functions are many and varied but are used under water. These include the detection, identification, location and speed indication of 'targets of interest'. There are basically two sonar modes of operation, 'Passive' (receiving or listening) and 'Active' (transmitting and receiving).

The acoustic systems trainer AST was developed for the purpose of training and research. This system has been used in many Navy schools in the world, to provide to students the practice exercises for more understanding about the theory of sonar and underwater acoustics signal, included:

Speed of sound in water
Temperature effects on the speed of sound.
The single element Transducer
Transducer resonant frequency
Two-element array
Transducer beam width
Passive SONAR
Active SONAR
CT-FM SONAR
Parametric SONAR
Depth finding
The Doppler Effect
Underwater communications
Active target profiles
Passive target FFT signatures
Shallow water backscatter
Beam formation
Beam steering
Volume scattering & cavitation
Dielectric phase shift
ASW and Stealth

Image 2: The navy schools was used the AST systems

System included:

*AST Console*		*Acoustic Tank*
Rack mounting enclosure 19" / 48cm with handles		Acrylic - 12 and 15mm thickness
110 / 220 / 240 Volts 50/60~ @ 2 amps		Length 1,200mm
USB2 connector to PC		Width 600mm
0-12 volts/+5 v/-5/+15v/-15v D.C.		Depth 600mm
TX CW @ 200 kHz - CAL/VAR		Heater with thermostat - 3kW
PRF @ 714Hz - CAL/VAR		Int/Ext Digital Thermometer
PW @ 100µsecs - CAL/VAR		Stainless steel frame
TX PULSE Gated 100µsecs ~ 20CW cycles		Transport System and transducer guide rails
TX2, TX3 Fixed and Variable Phase O/Ps		*Sonar Signal analyzer*
SYNC pulse 5v - positive polarity		12,14,16 bits Resolution ~ 500Ms/sec
Echo Threshold control		2 Channel operation + Math functions
*Target Transport System*		Storage Oscilloscope 100nsec - 600sec/div
0-12 Volts speed controlled		Averaging 1 - 256
Auto/Manual reversing		Phase Measurement
Direct traction drive		Spectrum Analyzer .001Hz - 50MHz
Sliding Target Rails		AM/FM/FSK Modulation~ Sweep
Reversing sensors		Transient Recorder >30,000 points ~ 750 days
*Targets*		Voltmeters - 6 programmable
Active		Arbitrary Waveform Generator 1µHz - 30MHz
SS Flat plate 20cm sq		*Transducers*
SS Flat plate 10cm sq		200 kHzresonant frequency
SS Grill plate 10cm sq		8°~16° beam width @ -3dBs
Acrylic Flat Plate 20cm sq		Conical beam shape
Passive		Epoxy resin encapsulation
Variable speed passive-		2.5" / 6cm diameter pod
Three bladed prop		BNC connector coaxial cable
Four bladed prop		Reversible operation
Five bladed prop		Orientation - vertical or horizontal
PT Vari-speed Motor ~Gearbox		3 Transducers supplied

Source: RSI

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Introduce about the underwater acoustics and sonar operator laboratory

The acoustic systems trainer

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